Critiques of the Gimbutasian position have been outlined by, forĮxample, Ronald Hutton, The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles, Oxford:īlackwell 1991, 37-42 Philip G.
Harper & Row 1987 Riane Eisler, The Chalice and the Blade: Our Story, Our Future, Sanįrancisco: Harper and Row 1987 Asphodel Long, In a Chariot Drawn by Lions, London: Row 1989 Monica Sjöö and Barbara Mor, The Ancient Religion of the Great Cosmic Mother of All, Trondheim: Rainbow 1981 The Great Cosmic Mother, San Francisco: University of California 1982 The Language of the Goddess, San Francisco: Harper & Gimbutas, The Goddesses and Gods of Old Europe: Myths and Cult Objects, Berkeley: ↑ See Charlene Spretnak, Lost Goddesses of Early Greece, Boston: Beacon 1978 Marija.Women attempt to forge new ways of being that are independent of Goddess spirituality and the wider Pagan movement. Women and nature has influenced the form, content and direction of both Whatever the authenticity of these histories, the equation of Times’ which codified the normative gender roles of modernity and the The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries – the mythologized ‘burning Rationality catalysed the scapegoating of women during the witch craze of For Merchant, the conflict between theĬarnal, ‘disordered sexuality’ of the female and the cerebral male ‘wild’, ‘fecund’ and ‘disordered’ in comparison to the increasingly neat She contends that nature came to be viewed as She argues for twin historical constructions of woman as natureĪnd man as culture. With a critique of the development of the dual systems of patriarchy andĬapitalism. That matriarchal ‘partnership’ models of society preceded and laterĬompeted with, patriarchal ‘dominator’ forms of social organization, and Riane Eisler’s The Chalice and the Blade (1987). One sees this version of history most clearly in This version of events is often bolstered by (contentious)Īrchaeological evidence. Of history – her-story – which tends to hark back to a hypothesized prepatriarchal utopia of peace, egalitarianism, Goddess worship and